The task on individual diagnostics of anthropological types of the population of caucasus by a skull in forensic medicine is considered for the first timeby today's leaderships. The chronometrical material on the peoples on the peoples of Caucasus is assembled and is investigated non- -uniformly (M. G. Abdushelishvili, 1955, 1964, 1966; V. P.Alekseyev,1963,1974; A. G. Hajiyev, 1975). There are chronological collections of all large peoples among them. However, number and origin of these collections are various. For study of chronological features of the Armenians 1 modular series (Bunak V. V is suitable only. 1927), therefore for the characteristic of local distinctions in territory of Armenia it does not approach. The chronological materials from territory of Armenia it does not approach. The chronological materials from territory of Georgia are suitable for an estimation of chronological variations at separate ethnographic groups-khevsurs, ajar, probably mtiuls and kartalins. Very large chronological material is saved on osetins, which allows investigating a cranolical type of all ethnographic groups of osetins-irons, digors and tuals (V. V. Bunak, 1953; M. G. Abdushelishvili, 1955; V. P. Alekseyev, 1974). Rather large chronological materials are saved on the peoples of Digestion and nearby situated rocky groups (A. G. Hajiyev, 1957). At last, a huge blank in craniology of Caucasus, as we already marked above, is the complete absence of materials on craniology of the Azerbaijan people XIX-XX cc. (V.P.Alekseyev, I.I.Gokhman, 1984). The anthropological researches of the peoples of Caucasus convincingly have proved the existence of four anthropological types, which by somatic attributes are reliably differentiated from each other. The Caucasian type is characteristic for all mountain ethnographic groups of Georgia (khevsurs, pshavs, tushins, rachins, mokhevs, mtiul, gudamakars, svans), for mountains of Osetia, Chechnya, Ingushetia, balkars, cherkeses, gabardines. The works of G. F. Debets (1956) have shown, that the same type is characteristic for a part of the population in Dagestan, (andotsuntins, western avars). A. G. Haji- yev (1975) has specified the areal of a Caucasian type in territory of Dagestan, by adding and by noting affinity of lax, dargins, rutuls, archins and kumiks a little. What the features of these peoples attract attention of the researchers? First, rather light pigmentation, massively of an obverse skeleton (Large zygoma and loverjaw diameters, large height of the face, in the whole high growth). The Georgian groups which are included in structure of a Caucasian type, in opinion of M.G.Abdushelishvili (1964), show a difference among themselves in pigmentation: svavs and rachins by what tushins, khevsurs and other. However it is not the basis for allocation of western and east subgroup of this types included in structure of a Caucasian type the unGeorgian groups of karachayevians and balkrians (which live nearby of west -Caucasian groups of svans and rations) completely not more darkly pigmented, than living on-neighborhood of east-Caucasian groups (tushins, khevsurs and other). Significant height and width of the face together with relative flattering is possible to explain by an impurity of Mongoloid race. In anthropology, and historical data it is not deprived a reason. Especially in steppe areas of Dagestan. But the significant sizes of the face of Caucasians accompany strong development of a tertiary hair cover on the face on a body, complete absence of typical Mongoloid fold (apucantus), sharp projection of nose back and the bridge, that is sharply expressed attributes of europeoid race. Such combination of attributes could not arise at presence of Mongoloid impurity, as it should touch all of eoropoid attributes and sharply weaken them. There is fixed insignificant Mongoloid at kumiks, and it is no wonder proceeding from ethnogenesis of this people. Concerning east variant, the presence of influence of the Caspian type by A.G.Hajiyev (1975) seems more determined. It is visible on greater percent tertiary hair cover, on rather small height of the face on height and width of nose, on frequency of direct structures of a nose back, on weak lowering of it is basis. All these attributes alongside with intensive pigmentation are distributed on all territory, amplifying to the south, to territory of the Caspian type. The opportunities of mixture do not contradict a little bit weak develop- ment of a tertiary hair cover, horizontal profiling of the face. In work devoted to anthropological classification of the peoples of East Europe,V.V.Bunak being based on V.L.Levins materials has allocated in structure of the population of Nothern Caucasus special anthropo- logical type and has given it the name of "Ponty". Ponti type was characterized as the special type in structure of the Mediterranean branch of the large europeoid race, characteris- tically for east part of its areal distribution. It differs from other most typical Mediterranean variants first by some lightness of pigmentation. It is necessary to notice that the typical representatives of this type abkhaz-adigey peoples and ajars on color of a hair and eye differ from most dark pigmented ethnographic groups but from the Georgian people a little. The truth, at comparison with Azerbaijan Turks the representatives of a ponti type both more light haired, and more light eye, that especially is appreciable to ajars, but these distinc- tions have not absolute character: shapsugs of Lazar area, for example, differ by more dark eyes, than some groups of azerbaijanian Turks of a Kurd valley (V.P.Alekseyev, 1974). Characteristics of this type are: the horizontal or raised situ- ation of apex of a nose, narrow eye crack, high percent of presence of fold of the toplid, more dark eyes and the average percent of light eyes, direct gristle structure and poorly acting bone structure of a nose, average longitudinal diameter of a head and low or below average head index, below average length of a body, average, or hardly above, height of the face, narrow forehead, weak development of a beard and light pigmentation of a hair . The classical representatives of a Caspian anthropological type are Azerbaijanian Turks. The territorial distinctions of somathologi- calAzerbaijan, given in territory, are insignificant and are local variants of the central complex of attributes, which are characterized (A.M.Kasimova.1975): ? prevalence of dark pigmentation ,average or strong development of a hair cover, wavy or direct form of a hair ,mainly average or higher in average length of a body; ? dolikho - mezocefal form of a head , weak- inclined or straight line of forehead , poorly or moderately advanced superbrow , mediahigh, rather narrow and media-or strongly profiled face; ? rather high bridge of the nose , rather narrow nose with direct or convex back mainly horizontal apex and basis of a nose, sagital arrangement of nose apertures; ? Absence or weak development of the top lid fold, horizontal arrangement of an eye axes orthoheymal top lip and average thickness of lips, direct or acting chin. Azerbaijan Turks of the Nakhichevan ,Goyche and Zengezur regioner and Small Caucasian ridger differ by some easing of a tertiary hair cover, increase of length of a body and reduction of the head index and of a zeugma diameter, and also increase of the face. Some groups of Azerbaijan Turks of northeast and northwest areas of Republic differ by prevalence of the mixed shades of an eye iris and light tones of a hair, rather weak development of a tertiary hair cover, brakheocefalia, straight line of forehead, underdeveloped superbrow, low face and reduced length of a body. Among other peoples of Azerbaijan Turks Caspian, anthropological type is marked at Tat-Moslems and Kurds, and at Tallish, with which some elements of frontasian groups are peculiar. The Tat-Jevs occupy an intermediate situation between Tallish and Tats-Gregorians.The frontasian complex of attributes is characteristic especially for last. Udins find out elements of Caucasian and party of Caspian type, closeting with some peoples of Dagestan (R.M.Kasimova, 1975). Feature of Caspian anthropological type take place in Dagestan among Lezgin, Kriz and some East-Dagestan groups. The large interest represents comparison of the West-Caspian type with others dark-pigmented types of indopamir group of the modern population of Afghanistan and India .Already simple comparison of results shows that between Afghani and westcaspian groups observe significant distinctions. The Afghani groups appear first more longheaded in comparison with westcaspians. The Afghani groups differ from westcaspian by the narrow and low face, a little bit acting cheekbones, smaller length of a nose and smaller percent of the convex forms of a nose back, low bridge, rather weak development of a tertiary hair cover. The special atten- tion deserves pigmentation. Though Azerbaijan Turks concern to number of dark pigmented groups on a hair, eyes and also on color of a skin, nevertheless in Southwest Asia. Generally azerbaijan Turks according this attribute are very similar more to other peoples of Caucasus. All Armenian groups, living in territory of former USSR concern to frontasian type. The type is characterized by very plentiful development of a hair cover on the breast and face , average or high head index at small longitudinal and average cross diameters, below by narrow face, on the average or is higher to average height of the face, high top lip. For Armenians are typical: average or high percent of presence of a lid fold, dark hair and skin, dark or mixedshadesof an eye, wide cut of an eye crack, convex form of a nose back and sharply expressednose wings. The Armenians distinguish from typical frontasian complex by very sharp horizontal profiling and a small width of the face, horizontal or hardly lowered situation of nose apex and basis of a nose, straight line with smoothed superbrow, forehead and thick lips. In this respect to typical form of fronasian type corresponds aisors, which in comparison with the Armenians characterized by more plentiful growth of a hair and breast, more dark eyes, higher and convex nose, and also more lowered apex and basis of a nose (M.G.Abdushelishvili, 1963). As other distinctive attribute of armenoid type always was considered sharply expressed brakheocefalia. It really forms in territory of Armenia compact areal, in spite of even on distribution of a children's cradle, flattering nape and frequently causing sharp territorial distinction in the head inrex. The frontasian type prevailing among the Armenians and aisors, is observed in some populations of Azerbaijanis, talishes, tats, at diode and Dagestan peoples, Jews of Transcaucasia, and also Georgian east and south- Georgian groups: kartalins, kakhetins, meskhis, javakhis, and also ajars (M. G. Abdushelishvili, 1964). With reference to allocated in structure the Georgian to Iberian type (M.G,Abdusheli- shvili,1964).He characterize udins (Kvarel area),Jews (Khashur area), Kabardins (Lesken area), karachays and some other. The materials of our own research and the craniometrical materials on all of four race types of Caucasus: 1. Ponti type: adkhazes, ajars, kartalins, natukhays(male.-137, female.-135); 2. Caucasian type-avars, balkars, Chechens ,dargins, kabardins, laks, mtiuls,udins, khevsurs,osetins, mixed series of dagestanians (male.-315,female.-155); 3. Frontasian type-presented by skulls of armenans,collekted by V.V.Bunak(1927),(male.-117,female.-51); 4. Caspian type-presented by skulls of Azerbaijan Turks from different regions of Republic (male.-122,female.-65). The serie of Azerbaijan Turks , with known sex, age and ethnoterrito- rial belonging, collected in Republic by Scientific-Educational and Practical Unification *Forensic-medical Expertise and Pathological Anatomy * in 1970-1995 years and presented for the first time. The craniometrical program included 49 metric and 49 derivatives (modules,indexxes) signes, and also age (on numbers),investigated, basically, on program of V.P.Alekseyev,G.F.Debets (1964). Mathematical analysis of the resuls was made by personal computer using *Statgraphics * software. The Ponti and the Caspian types occupy space between them. Besides, ponti type has closer relation with Caucasian type, rather than with Caspian. The ponti type differs from all other types of Caucasus by a small width of a brain part of skull, and especially according to its basis, higher pole of a nape, high fornix rather width of skull, convex forehead, narrow upper jaw and most blunt corner of the lower jaw. The Caspian type - is allocated, apparently, by a most large sizes of a brain part of a skull in transverse and, especially, in lateral directions. A parity of upper height of the face to high-altitude diameter of a skull at them rather other types is small. Maxillofrontal width , dacrial height of a bend of a zygoma bone and width of palate at representatives of the Caspian type is the tendency to minimal for Caucasus. The frontasian type -is most different from other types of Caucasus. It is allocated not only other parity of axes brain skull, but also the face .It is characterized by a minimal lateral and parity width sizes of a brain skull and its rather large high-altitude of sizes. The forehead and the nape in lateral direction are flattered, the forehead abruptly back slanted. The horizontal profiling of the face and basis of a skull denominated. All stated allows to consider two strategies of solving the task: 1. The consecutive allocation general choice of the one of anthropo- logical types, chaterized by greatest number of differencial features; 2. The simultaneous allocation of three anthropological types and failure from differing pontis and caucasions, as closest to each other. Width the purpose of maintenance of the second strategy of the decision of a task differentiation of racial types of Caucasus are entered additional discriminant function 10,11,12 (for differentiation of the racial type ponti+caucasion-discriminant function 10, Caspian- discriminant function 11,frontasian-discriminant function 12). The craniometrical diagnostics of the race types of Caucasus on the basis of initial discriminant analysis has shown: - the frontasian type is allocated in 81,08-85,34 %, Caspian-in 79,03-80,0%,caucasion-in 66,92-72,26% and ponti-in 65,85-70,71% of cases. - The Acuracy of allocation of types in borders of discriminant functions 10-12 is a little worse. At the same time it is obvious ,that during correction of results from different conbinations of signs the accuracy of diagnostics of an anthropological type raises. Expert has to make a decision proceeding from the received size of a concret discriminant function and to compare with group centroida. The result is as reliable as far the size of function is distanted from the group centrida.(The decision , especially rifht, when further received size of function will defend from the group centroida).Using the interval value of group centroid it is anvence to obstein from diagnostics. Thus, the anthropological researches the peoples of Caucasus convincingly have proved existence of four anthropological types, which are reliably differentiated from each other by somatic attributes. The Caspian type is submitted by the population of Azerbaijan, Caucasian type -by population of Large Caucasian ridge, ponti type-by population of Northern Caucasus, frontasian type -by population of Armenia and East Georgia. In structure of all peoples occupying Caucasus (Azerbaijan Turks, Armenians, Georgians, Osetins, peoples of Dagestan etc.), besides basic anthropological type is marked (somatic) presence of three others anthropological types or their transitive variants. The results carried out of craniological research confirms a reality of existence of four anthropological types on Caucasus with those somathological features of their appearance, which belongs to a parity of the basic diameters of a head and degree of the face. The forensic-medical diagnostics of anthropological such as the unknown man on a skull allows to take out judgement not only on craniological, but also somathological features of its appearance, in a particular, about expressing of pigmentation (eye, skin,hair),tertiary hair cover (face,body) and features of somathotype. To establish the greatest craniometrical distinction on Caucasus are characteristic for Caucasian and frontasian types. Ponti and the Caspian types occupy intermediate situation between them ,and ponti type finds out he large affinity to Caucasian , rather than to the Caspian type.For the faces of a female the affinity of Caucasian and ponti types is expressed even more appreciable. For purpose of forensic -medical identification of the person of the man on bone remains we developed a method of craniometrical diagnostics of the anthropological population of Caucasus based on the initial discriminate analysis. The method assumes using of two diagnostic variants. 

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